经济学人精读节选100篇Want to avoid woke stockmarket rules? List in Texas想避免唤醒的股市规则吗？德克萨斯州的名单
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本期选文来源：The Economist|June 8th 2024 ，需要经济学人原版PDF|全文中英翻译|MP3|大家下拉至文末下载|也可以自助开通本站会员后加入专属QQ社群或下拉至文末获取全文文档PDF中英翻译PDF,MOBI,EPUB,AZW3,MP3🎵等多种格式。
The Lone Star State is ready to take on New York 孤星州已准备好迎接纽约
【1】“EQUITIES IN DALLAS,” cried the traders in “Liar’s Poker”, an account by Michael Lewis of his life as a junior banker in the late 1980s. Demotion from New York to the backwater of Texas would be a humiliation. Who wants to sling shares to yokels?
单词解析：backwater：回水，滞水
例句：This agency will be relegated to the backwaters of Washington 这个机构将沦落为华盛顿闭塞落后之地。
【2】Times may be changing. On June 4th an upstart Texas Stock Exchange (TXSE) said it had received $120m in funding from financial giants including BlackRock, a fund manager, and Citadel Securities, a marketmaker. The TXSE will, its boss wrote, be the best-capitalised challenger to the New York Stock Exchange.
单词解析：marketmaker：做市商；市场庄家；造市商；造市者；做市商制度
【3】No New Yorker should expect actual exile, for the exchange will be electronic. The aim is to lure firms that resent the Big Apple’s listing requirements. The Nasdaq, a tech-heavy exchange, introduced a rule in 2021 requiring many firms to have two “diverse directors” by December 2025, one of whom must be a woman and one gay, lesbian, bisexual, trans or from another “underrepresented minority”—or else to “provide explanation”. The TXSE will be less demanding.
单词解析：explanation：解释；说明；阐述；说明性文字
例句：The facts allow of only one explanation. 这些事实只可能有一种解释。
【4】America once boasted dozens of exchanges. At first, Philadelphia’s was America’s leading stockmarket. The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, which turned New York into America’s main port, and the decline of the Philadelphia-based Second Bank of the United States saw Wall Street eclipse its rival. Firms then plumped for the deepest and most liquid market. Even the gold rush of the late 19th century, which saw regional exchanges spring up, was not enough to reverse the trend. Today America is left with a handful of exchanges, mostly based in Chicago and New York, but available anywhere in the country with electronic communication.
单词解析：eclipse：n.日食；月食；(重要性、权势等的)丧失，黯然失色，暗淡vt. 使相形见绌；使失色；遮住…的光；使丧失重要性
例句：Eclipse is a very intriguing astronomic phenomenon. 日食是非常引人入胜的天文现象。
【5】Even the NYSE is now starting to look like a relic, though, with its opening bells, 9.30am-to-4pm hours and blue-jacketed traders. By contrast, exchange-traded funds, one of the most common ways of buying shares, trade off-exchange and after hours. Geography is irrelevant and listing locations ought to have little impact on valuations or the liquidity available. That makes things easier for an upstart based somewhere unusual, and offering less demanding requirements. “Equities in Dallas” may one day be said with more relish.
单词解析：relic：遗物；遗迹；遗风；圣髑；圣骨；遗俗；圣人遗物
例句：This stone axe is a relic of ancient times. 这石斧是古代的遗物。
长难句分析：
1）原文：he Nasdaq, a tech-heavy exchange, introduced a rule in 2021 requiring many firms to have two “diverse directors” by December 2025, one of whom must be a woman and one gay, lesbian, bisexual, trans or from another “underrepresented minority”—or else to “provide explanation”.
2）解析：
he Nasdaq,a tech-heavy exchange,introduced（谓语） a rule in 2021 requiring（现在分词） many firms to have（不定式） two” diverse directors” by December 2025, one (of {whom})（后置定语） must be a woman and one gay,lesbian,bisexual,trans or from another “underrepresented minority“-[or else] to “provide explanation“.
2）句子语法结构详解：
* introduced 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* requiring 为现在分词，作后置定语。
* to have 为不定式，作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。
* be 为系动词作谓语。
* to ” provide 为不定式。
* must 为情态动词。he 为人称代词主格。a 为不定冠词。
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