经济学人精读节选100篇The quest to build robots that look and behave like humans 追求制造外观和行为都像人类的机器人
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本期选文来源：The Economist|June 8th 2024 ，需要经济学人原版PDF|全文中英翻译|MP3|大家下拉至文末下载|也可以自助开通本站会员后加入专属QQ社群或下拉至文末获取全文文档PDF中英翻译PDF,MOBI,EPUB,AZW3,MP3🎵等多种格式。
经济学人精读节选100篇The quest to build robots that look and behave like humans 追求制造外观和行为都像人类的机器人？
【导读】所涉及的工程挑战是可怕的，但值得解决
【1】IF THE CANONof science-fiction cinema is in broad agreement on one thing, it is that a robot is supposed to look like a human being. It is not only casting directors and special-effects technicians who are on board: engineers can also see the appeal. Pras Velagapudi, the chief technology officer at Agility Robotics , a firm based in Oregon, says that the human form has “guaranteed versatility” because it can be adapted for a wide range of applications. Small wonder. After all, robots have to navigate an environment that has been shaped by humans to suit their needs.
单词解析：applications：n.(尤指理论、发现等的)应用，运用；申请；请求；申请表；申请书；施用；涂抹；敷用 application的复数
例句：The standard of this year’s applications is very low.
今年的申请标准很低。
【2】Such humanoid robots are now starting to work in the real world. Amazon, an e-commerce giant, is testing Digit, a robot made by Agility, in helping its warehouse employees with repetitive tasks. Close to two metres tall, with skinny bird legs and a flat tubular head, Digit can carry empty yellow bins from a shelf to a nearby conveyor belt. Boston Dynamics, a Massachusetts-based robotics firm, plans to use its latest humanoid robot, Atlas, in the manufacturing operations of its owner, Hyundai, a South Korean carmaker.
单词解析：humanoid：n.类人动物；仿真机器人 adj.有人的特点的；人形机
例句：A software system for the humanoid motion control is designed.
设计并实现了机器人综合运动控制的软件系统。
【3】Such pilot projects remain basic. (Digit’s box-sorting workspace, for instance, remains cordoned off from humans, even if Agility eventually hopes the robot will work alongside its human employees.) All the same, they highlight the impressive strides humanoid robots have made in recent decades. And investors are optimistic. CBInsights, a data provider, estimates that since 2020 $2.3bn has been poured into startups that are building humanoid robots. These upstarts are competing with larger firms like Boston Dynamics; Tesla, an electric carmaker; and UBTech, a Chinese robotics firm.
单词解析：carmaker：网络 汽车制造商；汽车生产商
例句：An existing carmaker might build it.
制造者可能会由一家现有的汽车制造商担当。
【4】The regimented nature of their tasks and the highly controlled environments in which these robots operate reveal how far these machines are from fully replacing humans. However, there is much to be gained from the attempt.
单词解析：regimented：adj.非常严格的；死板的；严格规划的；排列整齐的
例句：The NBA not so long ago was a regimented league.
NBA在不久以前还是个很传统老派的联盟。
【5】In its ideal form, a humanoid robot is designed to look and act like a human: metallic links replace bones, bearings work as joints, motors serve as muscles, cameras act as eyes, and processors are the brains. But form is as important as function. Once a robot looks too human, it becomes even more off-putting than if it were less so—falling into the so-called “uncanny valley”. That is why some in the current breed of humanoid robots, like Digit and Atlas, use simple geometric-shaped heads.
单词解析：metallic:adj.金属的；金属制的；含金属的；（光泽或硬度等）金属般的，有金属特性的，像金属的；（声音）似金属撞击的，刺耳的；金属味的；清脆的，银铃般的；〈化〉（金属元素）以游离状态存在的；产金属的 n.金属制品，含有金属的制品；金属纤维，金属线，金属织物；金属画（织物或颜色）
例句：Metallic paint is an optional extra.
喷金属漆是自由选择的，要额外收费。
【6】To be widely used, such robots also need to match the dexterity and versatility of human beings in real-world settings. Most viral videos of robots running or jumping are carefully choreographed in controlled conditions. A study published in November 2023 by Robert Riener, Luca Rabezzana and Yves Zimmermann from ETH Zurich, a Swiss university, compared the performance of 27 humanoid robots with humans. They found that at the functional level, robots outperform humans. This is hardly surprising: many motors can work longer hours, and lift more weight without tiring, than human muscles can; carbon fibre, which is used to build modern robots, is engineered to take a bigger beating than bone.
单词解析：dexterity:n.灵巧；灵活；(思维)敏捷；(手)熟练
例句：Dexterity comes by experience.
熟练来自经验。
长难句分析：
1）原文：A study published in November 2023 by Robert Riener, Luca Rabezzana and Yves Zimmermann from ETH Zurich, a Swiss university, compared the performance of 27 humanoid robots with humans.
2）解析：
A study published [in November 2023](状语) [by Robert Riener, Luca Rabezzana and Yves Zimmermann] [from ETH Zurich, <a Swiss university>]（状语）, compared the performance (of 27 humanoid robots) （后置定语)with humans.
2）句子语法结构详解：
* published 为过去分词，作后置定语。
* a Swiss university 为同位语
* compared 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
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