经济学人精读节选100篇The world this week|Business 本周世界：商业篇
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本期选文来源：The Economist|June 8th 2024 ，需要经济学人原版PDF|全文中英翻译|MP3|大家下拉至文末下载|也可以自助开通本站会员后加入专属QQ社群或下拉至文末获取全文文档PDF中英翻译PDF,MOBI,EPUB,AZW3,MP3等多种格式。
The world this week|Business|本周世界：商业
【1】India’s stockmarket, which became the world’s fourth-largest earlier this year, swung wildly in the wake of a surprise election result that saw Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party lose its majority. Having reached a record high after exit polls forecast a landslide for the BJP, the benchmark BSESensex index fell by 6% once the results were announced. It recovered a little the next day. The prices of shares in companies owned by Gautam Adani, a close associate of Mr Modi, were especially hard hit.
单词解析：landslide：n.山崩；(山坡或悬崖的)崩塌，塌方，滑坡，地滑；一方选票占压倒多数的选举；一方占绝对优势的选举
例句：She was expected to win by a landslide. 预计她会以压倒多数的选票获胜。
【2】Mexican share pricesalso dropped after a shock election result, with Claudia Sheinbaumwinning the presidency by a bigger-than-expected margin. Investors worried that her congressional majority would allow her to change the constitution and erode checks and balances. The peso fell, too.
单词解析：congressional:[美]国会的；立法机构的；代表大会的
例句：The congressional elections in November were another big story. 十一月国会选举是另一重大新闻。
【3】America, meanwhile, is gaining a new bourse: the Texas Stock Exchange, which announced that it had raised $120m from investors including BlackRockand Citadel Securities. The exchange aims to rival the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq, and to host its first listing in 2026.
单词解析：bourse：n.(尤指巴黎的)证券交易所
例句：Once every city had a bourse. 曾经每个城市都有一个证交所。
【4】Nvidia’smarket capitalisation soared past $3trn, leading it to overtake Appleas the world’s second-biggest company. The chipmaker’s share price has risen so much in recent years that it is conducting a ten-for-one stock split, to make small trades easier.
单词解析：capitalisation：n. 资本化；市值；投资（利用）；资本市值
例句：Q is a metric of market capitalisation divided by net worth. q值是市值与资产净值的比率。
【5】Shares in GlaxoSmithKlinefell sharply after a judge in Delaware ruled that evidence linking Zantac, a heartburn treatment, to cancer cases was admissible in court. The share price of Sanofi, which sells a reformulated version of the drug, also fell.
单词解析：reformulated：v. 再规划；再制订；再准备
例句：The process can now be reformulated with more detail as follows 该过程可以具体描述如下
【6】GameStopsaw its share price jump by as much as 75% after a photo posted to Reddit seemed to show Keith Gill holding 5m shares and 120,000 call options in the company. Mr Gill was one architect of the “meme stock” craze of 2021, exhorting retail traders to buy shares in order to give hedge funds (several of which had shorted GameStop) a bloody nose. By the time trading closed on the day the photo was posted, his position was worth $260m.
单词解析：hedge：n.防止损失（尤指金钱）的手段，（避免或减轻经济损失的）保值措施；模棱两可的话, 不明确的话；保护（或防御）手段
v.以套期保值避免（或减轻）（机、投资等）的损失
adj.套期保值的，两面下注的；树篱的，树篱下的，树篱旁的；低档的，次的，差的；偷偷摸摸的，名声不好的
例句：The hedge needs pruning back.树篱需要修剪了。
【7】Bill Ackman sold a 10% stake in Pershing Square, the firm through which he manages a closed-end hedge fund with over $15bn in assets. The deal values his company at more than $10bn, and is thought to be a prelude to a public listing.
单词解析：prelude：n.前奏；序幕；序曲；前奏曲；先声 v.为…作序；开头；成为…的序曲；演奏序曲；唱开场戏
例句：She preludes her remarks with a jest. 她开始讲话时先说一个笑话
【8】Boeinglaunched its CST-100 Starliner spacecraft from Cape Canaveral, Florida, carrying two astronauts from NASA, America’s space agency. It was only the sixth launch of a new, crewed spacecraft in NASA’s history. Boeing’s Starliner programme is a rival to one run by Elon Musk’s SpaceX
单词解析：crewe：v.当(尤指船上的)工作人员
例句：This ship cannot be crewed by two men. 两个人开不走这船。
【9】An EUcourt ruled that McDonald’shas lost its “Big Mac” trademark for chicken burgers, though it will keep it for the better known beef recipe. The decision followed a long battle between McDonald’s and Supermac’s, an Irish competitor that claimed the trademark was preventing its expansion.
单词解析： competitor：n.竞争对手；(尤指商业方面的)竞争者，对手；参赛者；竞赛者 记忆compet(e) 竞争 + -itor 人
例句：They needed to make up ground on their competitors. 他们必须穷追猛赶竞争对手。
【10】An American court dealt the Securities and Exchange Commissiona serious blow by rejecting its proposed rules to force private-equity and hedge funds to be more transparent. Championed by Gary Gensler, the regulator’s chairman, the rules would have required fund managers to send investors detailed quarterly performance and expense reports. The judge ruled that their imposition would exceed the SEC’s statutory authority.
单词解析：statutory：adj.法定的；依法必须执行的
例句：When you buy foods you have certain statutory rights. 在购买食物时，你有一定的法定权利。
【11】Widespread medical use of psychedelicslooks less likely after a panel assembled by America’s Food and Drug Administration voted against the use of MDMA, the active ingredient in ecstasy, to treat post-traumatic stress disorder. That is bad news for Lykos Therapeutics, a biotech firm developing such a treatment.
单词解析：ecstasy：狂喜；陶醉；入迷
例句：She went into ecstasies over actors. 她对男演员们着了迷。
【12】The Bank of Canadalowered its policy rate from 5% to 4.75%, making it the first G7 central bank to cut rates in this cycle. Inflation has fallen to 2.7% from a peak of 8.1% in 2022. Though the central bank’s target is 2%, a softening economy may have prompted it to cut early: Canada’s unemployment rate hit 6.1% in April.
【13】Fears grew that America’s economy may also be slowing down, after the private sector added fewer jobs than forecast in May. The manufacturing sector contracted, too, with factory activity falling. Treasury yields dropped in response, as traders marked up the probability that the Federal Reservewould cut rates sooner rather than later.
单词解析：Federal Reservewould：联邦储备委员会
【14】Global investors have withdrawn $40bn from environmental, social and governancefunds so far this year, making it the first in which such funds have faced net outflows.
单词解析：withdrawn：v.撤回；(使)退出；撤离；停止提供；不再给予 adj.内向的；沉默寡言的；怕羞的 withdraw的过去分词
单词解析：net outflows：净流出
例句：I’d like to withdraw £ 250 please. 劳驾，我想提取250英镑。
例句：But UBS said the pace of net outflows had slackened in recent months, and January had been positive. 但瑞银表示，最近几个月，净流出速度已放缓，1月达到净流入。
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