经济学人精读节选100篇How to live to one hundred？如何活到一百岁？

经济学人精读节选100篇How to live to one hundred？

如何活到一百岁？

本期选文来源：The Economist|June 8th 2024 ，需要经济学人原版PDF|全文中英翻译|MP3|大家下拉至文末下载|也可以自助开通本站会员后加入专属QQ社群或下拉至文末获取全文文档PDF中英翻译PDF,MOBI,EPUB,AZW3,MP3🎵等多种格式。

👉扫码加入QQ群获取文档

群号:116278109，添加群之前先加客服QQ：372659099注明来意  

★本站需先登录网站才能下载★

经济学人精读节选100篇How to live to one hundred？

如何活到一百岁？

【目标原文📄】：

德文郡居民长寿的秘诀并不在于饮食(通常是一份炸鱼薯条和一大壶茶)。当地给老年人提供了许多保持活跃和保持社交的机会，这些都是延缓死亡来临的好方法。在百货公司，咖啡厅是不放音乐的，这样可以更好地听到老年人的说话声.

【你的翻译👨‍🎓】:

The secret of Devonian’slongevity is not the food (often asmall fish and chips and a largepot of tea). Local communities have provided lots of opportunities for old people to stay active and keep socialising, which are great ways to delay the onset ofdeath.At department stores, music is not played in thecafé so that older people can be heard better.

 

【外刊翻译🧙】：

The secret to Devon’s long-lived population is not the food (often asmall fish and chips and a largepot of tea). There are lots of local opportunities provided for old people to stay active and socially connected, both good ways to delay the Grim Reaper.At department stores, the café is music-free, the betterto hear elderly friends.

 

【外刊写法|句型解析💡】：

当地给老年人提供了许多保持活跃和保持社交的机会
Local communities have provided lots of opportunities for oldpeople……
provided for old people……>There are lots of local oppo
● There be 句型的运用
学生习作中使用的是普通的SVO句型，这类句型的焦点平均分布在主谓宾三个部分:
Local communities have provided lots of opportunities
而外刊原文使用的是 There be句型，它的焦点只有一个即后方的名词:
There are lots of local opportunities provided.

在某些介绍说明性的句子里，使用There be结构可以省去语势较重又非必要信息的句子成份(如主、谓)，把句子重心聚焦于某个点。

试比较:
(我们可以给你提供各种选择。)
We can open to you various options.
>There are various options open to you.
(你可以在博物馆看到恐龙模型。)
You can see models of dinosaurs in the museum.
>There are models of dinosaurs that can be seen in the museum.
附 这里介绍两类存在句的特殊句型，
There+(remain/exist/come/enter/rise/stand/spring…..
(只剩下20磅了。)
We only left 20 pounds
>There remained just 20 pounds.
(有人在观众群中怒吼了一声。)
Someone was crying indignantly from the audience.
>There sprang from the audience a cry ofindignation.
2.There+含 be的复合谓语
(似乎没必要告诉她。)
I don’t think it’s necessary to tell her.

>There seems to be no need to tell her.
保持活跃和保持社交的机会，这些都是延缓死亡来临的好方法，
stay active and keep socialising, which are great ways to delaythe onset of death.
>stay active and socially connected, both good ways to delay theGrim Reaper.
●同位语之名词词组
定语从句如果是含be动词的系表结构，可省略为名词性同位语，例如:
(我参加了冬奥会，这是我最后一次参赛。)
competed in the Winter Olympics, which was my last round.
>lcompeted in the Winter Olympics, my last round.
省略与不省略 which+be会有一点点微妙的差别。不省略的情况下，句子是普通的非限制性定语从句，作用是对前面信息进行补交说明:
我在跳远比赛中跳了十七英尺，破了学校的记录。)
I’d jumped seventeen feet in the long jump, which was a schoolrecord.
省略 which be后的同位语，会突出名词本身，通常具有比较强烈的文学色彩:

(我参加了冬奥会，这是我的告别赛。)
Icompleted in the Winter Olympics, my swan song.(swan song:绝唱;这里指告别赛。)
外刊原文里，作者在这个句子后方使用了the Grim Reaper(拿着镰刀的死神)这样具有西方文化色彩的措辞，所以采用文学性较强的同位语形式比定语从句合适。
咖啡厅是不放音乐的，这样可以更好地听到老年人的说话声
music is not played in the café so that older people can be heardbetter.
>the café is music-free, the better to hear elderly friends.
●无动词分句之形容词引导的状语从句
在 Day25中我们了解过无动词分句。它是一种比较高阶的句法，属于状语从句的一种。今天介绍的是形容词引导的无动词分句。先看例子:
(因为他又冷又饿，所以他放下工作回家了。)
Because he was cold and hungry, he stopped working and wenthome.
>Cold and hungry, he stopped working and went home.
(由于他们害怕困难，所以宁愿走容易的路。
Because they are afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.
>Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.

由此可见，无动词分句是一种极简的写法，把引导词和不影响句意的主语和谓语去掉，高亮了分句的核心部分(coldand hungry / Afraid).
外刊原文也一样:the better to hear elderly friends 可看成是(becauseit is) better to hear elderly friends的省略
*也许你会疑惑，为什么是the better而不是better。先看以下两组句子:
I was ill, but l felt better today.
(我之前病了，不过今天好多了。)
I feel the better for my walk.
(出去走一走后我好多了。)
This sofa is more comfortable.(这沙发更舒服些。)
I will help you the more willingly because l know your father(因为我认识你父亲，所以我会更有意愿帮助你。)
可以看到两组句子中，第一句均是普通的比较级，第二句的比较级含有the。仔细观察可以发现第二句均表述了原因

(for my work/becauselknow your father)。所以the其实是特指这个原因下产生的结果
听起来好像有点复杂，其实只要记住the+比较级常出现在含有因果，目的关系的句子里就好。多看几个例子

You should not think the worse ofa man because he is poorlydressed.
(不要因为别人衣服穿得破就瞧不起人家。
He is taking more care ofhimselfand looks the better(他现在很注意养生，所以看上去好多了。)
She raised herself in bed, the better to watch the dogs(为了能更清楚地看见那条狗，她从床上坐起来了。)
措辞部分
德文郡居民长寿的秘诀并不在于饮食(通常是一份炸鱼薯条和一大壶茶)。
The secret of Devonian’s longevity is not the food (often a small fishand chips and a large pot of tea).
>The secret to Devon’s long-lived population is not the food (oftena small fish and chips and a large pot of tea).
●长寿的秘诀 The secret of >The secret to
两个用法都可以。两者的区别在于“of”表示“relating to”“to”则等同于“lead to”或者“ways to”。例如:
(幸福的秘诀在于培养良好的人际关系，追求喜爱之事，以及练习正念。)

The secrets of happiness are cultivating positive relationshipspursuing your passions, and practicing mindfulness.

The secrets to happiness are cultivating positive relationshipspursuing your passions,and practicing mindfulness.

虽然用of或是to影响不大，但如果在平时的学习过程中多留意一些这样的细微差别，思考一下原因，可以更好地从“人的认知”角度去理解语言，往后也能从一句话中学到更多的知识。

【外刊表达|措辞部分💡】：

● 德文郡居民长寿
Devonian’s longevity>Devon’s long-lived population
这里用了抽象概念转具像的方法，long-lived population 给人以一位一位长寿居民的实感。
当地给老年人提供了许多保持活跃和保持社交的机会，这些都是延缓死亡来临的好方法。
Local communities have provided lots of opportunities for oldpeople to stay active and keep socialising, which are great ways todelay the onset of death.
>There are lots of local opportunities provided for old people tostay active and socially connected, both good ways to delay theGrim Reaper.
●保持活跃和保持社交
stay active and keep socialising →>stay active and sociallyconnected
两种写法都可。外刊原文把“社交”动词转副词，句子变得更为简洁和对称。这里有类似的例子:
(当你看书时，你必须全神贯注并保持思考。)
You have to be intellectuallyengaged and keep thinking when youread.
>You have to be intellectuallyengaged and critical when you read.

(他的妻子很传统，对他百依百顺。)
His wife is old-fashioned and never refuses anything to him.
>His wife is old-fashioned and entirely complaisant to his will.
●死亡来临 the onset of death→> the Grim Reaper
Grim是“令人不悦的;阴森的”;Reaper是收割机。GrimReaper指西方拿着镰刀的死神。
●用典 这种引用典故的修辞法叫 Allusion(引喻/用典)。在写作中偶尔使用可使句子增色不少。例:
(他是我们学校的物理天才。)
He is really the new Newton of our school
(语法大概是他最大的弱点)
Grammar may be his heel ofAchilles.
(Achi//es是希腊神话中的勇士，他的弱点是脚踵。)
(他惨遭失败。)
He meets his Waterloo.(Waterloo是滑铁卢。
在百货公司，咖啡厅是不放音乐的，这样可以更好地听到老年人的说话声。
At department stores, music is not played in the café so that olderpeople can be heard better.

>At department stores, the café is music-free, the better to hearelderly friends.
●不放音乐 music is not played>music-free
这里介绍含有free的复合形容词的三种意思
表示“免费”
to/1-free(不用付通讯费的)
interest-free(免息的)
2 表示“不含有”
dust-free(无尘的)
fat-free(不含脂肪的)
3 表示“不做某事’

dsfsdaf

海报 链接