经济学人精读节选100篇Who should play whom on stage?谁应该在舞台上扮演谁？-366外刊社

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经济学人精读节选100篇Who should play whom on stage?谁应该在舞台上扮演谁？

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本期选文来源：The Economist|June 8th 2024 ，需要经济学人原版PDF|全文中英翻译|MP3|大家下拉至文末下载|也可以自助开通本站会员后加入专属QQ社群或下拉至文末获取全文文档PDF中英翻译PDF,MOBI,EPUB,AZW3,MP3🎵等多种格式。

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经济学人精读节选100篇Who should play whom on stage?谁应该在舞台上扮演谁？

【导读】Back Story幕后故事。

【1】TWO HOUSES, both alike in dignity, have invoked ancient grudges and sparked new mutinies on the vexed question of who should play whom in drama. Both are theatres in London that have made headlines with Shakespeareanleads. In different ways they suggest the commotion that casting decisions can cause, the benefits they can confer and the problems left unsolved.

单词解析：vexed：adj.(指人)恼火，烦恼，伤脑筋；(指问题等)棘手的，伤脑筋的 v.使恼火；使烦恼；使忧虑 vex的过去分词和过去式

例句：Everything about her vexed him.
有关她的一切都令他困惑。

两部院子在尊严上都是一样的，它们都引发了古老的恩怨，并引发了新的叛乱，围绕着谁应该在戏剧中扮演谁的棘手问题。这两家剧院都是伦敦的剧院，都以莎士比亚的主角登上了头条新闻。他们以不同的方式暗示了选角决定可能引起的骚动、它们可以带来的好处以及未解决的问题。

【2】There is a nice dramatic symmetry in casting Tom Holland, who plays Spider-Man in the Marvelfilms, in another classic tale of volatile adolescence, “Romeo & Juliet” (pictured). Both Spider-Man and Romeo hide big secrets; dragged into old enmities, both find their crush is the daughter of a foe.

单词解析：enmities：n.敌意；仇恨；敌对

例句：In Taiwan, old enmities remain.
在台湾，旧时的敌意依然存在。

在漫威电影中扮演蜘蛛侠的汤姆·赫兰德（Tom Holland）在另一个关于动荡的青春期的经典故事《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（如图）中选角有一个很好的戏剧性对称性。蜘蛛侠和罗密欧都隐藏着大秘密;两人都陷入了旧的敌意，发现他们的暗恋对象是敌人的女儿。

【3】There is a commercial logic, too. A megastar among young audiences, Mr Holland may be the most famous of the Hollywood A-listers to appear recently in the West End and on Broadway. After performances at the Duke of York’s theatre he is mobbed at the stage door. Almost all the few remaining tickets, in a run that lasts until August, cost £345 ($440). Critics of celebrity casting worry that it contributes to rising prices. Not every screen idol, they point out, has the chops for a soliloquy.

单词解析： chops：v. 切碎；砍；剁碎；劈；(大幅度地)削减，降低；终止；取消；向下猛击 n.砍；剁；猪(或羊等)排；劈；掌劈

例句：There’s not much meat on this chop.
这块猪排上没什么肉。

这其中也存在商业逻辑。作为年轻观众中的巨星，霍兰德可能是最近出现在伦敦西区和百老汇的好莱坞一线明星中最著名的。在约克公爵剧院演出后，他在舞台门口被围攻。几乎所有剩余的几张门票，在持续到八月的运行中，价格为345英镑（440美元）。名人选角的批评者担心这会导致价格上涨。他们指出，并不是每个银幕偶像都有独白的天赋。

【4】Mr Holland enters in a hoodie and the sort of nasty short-fringe haircut that some teenagers now go in for. With wit and warmth, plus a flash of bicep, he proves the doubters wrong. Nuanced and lucid, Francesca Amewudah-Rivers, a relative unknown, is even better as Juliet. (A black actor, she has been vilely abused by racists purporting to know what Juliet really looked like.) There is no balcony in this pared-back production. The star-cross’d couple sit touchingly side by side to declare their love.

单词解析：pared-back：缩减；削减式的

例句：Ryan Roche refers to her knitwear as “pared-back and minimal and essential,” while Rosetta Getty defines her eponymous line as “refined and easy to style for effortless dressing.”
罗奇•瑞恩（Ryan Roche）称自己设计的针织装是“瘦削型、风格简约、必不可少”，而罗塞塔•盖蒂（Rosetta Getty）则把自己的同名品牌定义为“精致、随意搭配的休闲装”。

霍兰德先生穿着连帽衫和一些青少年现在喜欢的那种令人讨厌的短刘海发型。他用机智和温暖，加上二头肌的闪光，证明了怀疑者是错的。弗朗西斯卡·阿梅乌达-里弗斯（Francesca Amewudah-Rivers）细致入微，头脑清醒，相对不为人知，甚至比朱丽叶更好。（作为一名黑人演员，她曾被种族主义者卑鄙地虐待，声称知道朱丽叶的真实面貌。在这个简约的作品中没有阳台。这对星光熠熠的情侣感人地并肩而坐，宣告他们的爱意。

【5】Jamie Lloyd, the director, has brought in lots of young punters. Alas, his stylised staging lets them and the actors down. He uses cameras and screensto relay action from the foyer and roof; passion is intercut with bloodshed. Much less successful is the choice to have many lines declaimed into standing microphones, as if in a slam-poetry contest.Weakening the links between characters, this trick frays their bond with the audience.

单词解析：stylised：风格化

导演杰米·劳埃德（Jamie Lloyd）带来了许多年轻的投注者。唉，他风格化的舞台让他们和演员们失望了。他使用摄像机和屏幕来传递门厅和屋顶的动作;激情与流血交织在一起。选择将许多台词对准站立式麦克风，就像在大满贯诗歌比赛中一样，就不那么成功了。这种伎俩削弱了角色之间的联系，破坏了他们与观众的联系。

【6】Across the Thames at Shakespeare’s Globe, a new “Richard III”has set off another kind of ruckus. Michelle Terry, the theatre’s artistic director, is the titular villain in an almost entirely female cast. She has received abuse for presuming, as a woman, to play a king. But gender is not the main flashpoint.

单词解析：flashpoint：n.(暴力或愤怒的)一触即发，危机即将爆发的地点

例句：It could become the next Balkan flashpoint.
它可能成为巴尔干地区的下一个火药桶。

在泰晤士河对岸的莎士比亚环球剧场，一部新的《理查三世》掀起了另一场骚动。剧院的艺术总监米歇尔·特里（Michelle Terry）是几乎完全由女性出演的名义上的反派。她因为作为女性扮演国王而受到虐待。但性别并不是主要的爆发点。

【7】Rather it is the flouting of a new orthodoxy. This holds that, for reasons of authenticity and justice, disabled parts must be played by disabled actors (and trans parts by trans actors—and so onwith other marginalised groups). Richard III is described and typically portrayed as disabled. Thus, the Disabled Artists Alliance protested, “This role belongs to us.”

单词解析：marginalised：边缘化

例句：They see some of our industries becoming marginalised or less competitive.
他们发现部分行业已被边缘化或竞争力下滑。

相反，这是对新正统观念的蔑视。这种观点认为，出于真实性和正义性的原因，残疾角色必须由残疾演员扮演（跨性别角色必须由跨性别演员扮演，以此类推）。理查三世被描述为残疾人，通常被描绘成残疾人。因此，残障艺术家联盟抗议说：“这个角色属于我们。

【8】Like many battles in the culture wars, this is not a skirmish between lefties and reactionaries, but between progressives with diverging tactics. Committed to “anti-literalism” in casting, the Globe is a champion of inclusivity. Recently Francesca Mills, who has a form of dwarfism, was a sensational Duchess of Malfi. Nadia Nadarajah, who is deaf, will soon star in “Antony & Cleopatra”.

单词解析： skirmish：n.小冲突；小规模战斗；(尤指)遭遇战；(尤指政治上对立双方的)小争执，小争论 vi.发生小规模战斗(或冲突、争执)

例句：Police skirmished with youths on the estate last Friday.
上周五警方与一些青年在住宅区发生了冲突。

就像文化战争中的许多战斗一样，这不是左撇子和反动派之间的小规模冲突，而是策略不同的进步人士之间的小规模冲突。致力于在选角中“反文字主义”，Globe 是包容性的拥护者。最近，患有侏儒症的弗朗西斯卡·米尔斯（Francesca Mills）是一位耸人听闻的马尔菲公爵夫人。聋哑人纳迪亚·纳达拉贾（Nadia Nadarajah）即将出演《安东尼与克利奥帕特拉》。

【9】If the Globe is the wrong theatre to berate, this is also the wrong show. Largely described in insults, Richard’s physical affliction is sketchy in Shakespeare’s text. Here almost all these references are excised; the focus is on the play’s deep seam of misogyny. An able-bodied Richard glories in forcing the widow of a man he killed to marry him—then murders her. He hates women and, perceptively, they hate him back. The cross-gender casting makes you think anew about the play’s macho violence.

单词解析：perceptively：知觉的；有洞察力的

例句：He has spoken perceptively on many subjects.
他很有见地地谈了许多话题。

如果环球剧院是错误的剧院，那么这也是错误的节目。理查德的身体痛苦在很大程度上是以侮辱来描述的，在莎士比亚的文本中是粗略的。在这里，几乎所有这些参考资料都被删掉了;重点是该剧对厌女症的深层影响。身强力壮的理查德以强迫一个被他杀死的男人的遗孀嫁给他而感到欣喜，然后谋杀了她。他讨厌女人，而且，在感知上，她们也讨厌他。跨性别的选角让你重新思考剧中的男子气概暴力。

长难句分析：

1）原文：This holds that, for reasons of authenticity and justice, disabled parts must be played by disabled actors (and trans parts by trans actors—and so onwith other marginalised groups).

2）解析：

This holds | that, <for reasons (of authenticity and justice)>, disabled parts must be played [by disabled actors](and trans parts [by trans actors]–and so onwith
other marginalised groups).

2）句子语法结构详解：

* holds 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* played 为谓语，采用被动语态。
* 第2个 parts 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* so 为连词，引导状语从句。
* marginalised 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* must 为情态动词。this 为指示代词。other 为不定代词。be 为助动词。