经济学人精读节选100篇On thin ice 如履薄冰
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本期选文来源:The Economist|June 8th 2024 ,需要经济学人原版PDF|全文中英翻译|MP3|大家下拉至文末下载|也可以自助开通本站会员后加入专属QQ社群或下拉至文末获取全文文档PDF中英翻译PDF,MOBI,EPUB,AZW3,MP3🎵等多种格式。
经济学人精读节选100篇Zany ideas to slow polar melting are gathering momentum 减缓极地融化的滑稽想法正在蓄势待发
【1】Giant curtains to keep warm water away from glaciers strike some as too risky GLOBALLY, SEA levels have risen by somewhere between 21cm and 24cm since 1880. Most of this rise is a consequence of water physically expanding as it warms, but in recent decades meltwater flowing off Greenland and Antarctica has significantly contributed too.
单词解析:consequence:n. 后果;结果;重要性
例句:In consequence he lost his place.
结果,他失去了他的位置。
【2】These rises in sea levels threaten coastal properties and the livelihoods and lifestyles of coastal communities, as well as the very existence of low-lying countries. Rising seas not only erode or flood land, they also let destructive storms reach ever farther inland. As melting polar ice becomes an ever more important contributor to sea-level rise, some have begun to embrace the notion that it could be slowed by technological means ranging from underwater curtains to ice-thickening pumps.
单词解析:livelihoods:n.生计;赚钱謀生的手段
例句:She earned her livelihood by teaching.
她以教书为生。
【3】Climate science has been here before. For years the field has been divided over the promise and pitfalls of solar geoengineering schemes, environmental modifications that seek to reduce the impact of climate-warming solar radiation. The most controversial methods involve spraying mists of particles into the stratosphere, which would reflect some of the sun’s energy back out into space and cool the planet. Proponents say these could help buy time to decarbonise without the world suffering the worst consequences of climate change. Critics say they are too risky. The arguments can become acrimonious. These battles are now spilling over onto the ice.
单词解析:acrimonious:adj.尖刻的;激烈的;讥讽的
例句:His parents went through an acrimonious divorce.
他的父母在激烈争吵中离了婚。
【4】In December 2023 Ken Mankoff, a climate scientist at NASA,organised a workshop on polar geoengineering at a large science conference. Though he was warned that doing so would start a “civil war” in the field, he feels there is much more agreement than disagreement among polar scientists: no matter their position on geoengineering, all are concerned that the effects of climate change are far outpacing efforts to slow or halt them. Given the urgency, it is no surprise that fresh ideas are attracting interest.
单词解析:geoengineering:n.地球工程;气候工程
例句:An example of the former could be geoengineering.
地球工程就是一个先例。
【5】he proposed interventions take many forms. One prominent suggestion centres on outlet glaciers, vast frozen rivers which slowly shift ice off the land mass and out to the warmer waters of the sea. Several have been accelerating. Ice loss from Thwaites glacier in Antarctica, for instance, has doubled in 30 years, currently contributing 4% of the 3.5mm of global annual sea-level rise. Glaciologists are worried it could eventually collapse, raising sea levels around the world by 65cm. Warm water is melting the ice’s marine edge from below, eroding its “grounding line”, where it grips onto the bedrock for stability. Some are, therefore, proposing enormous underwater curtains be installed to keep warming currents away from the ice’s edge.
单词解析:bedrock :n.基岩(松软的沙、土层下的岩石);基本原则;牢固基础;基本事实
例句:It took five years to drill down to bedrock.
耗时五年才钻到了基岩。
【6】No one can say yet what such curtains would be made of, how they would be secured, or how to stop them interfering with other vital local ecosystem services. Currents at Antarctica’s margins drive an important nutrient pump that feeds entire marine food chains farther afield. It is also possible that keeping one glacier cool would simply speed up the melting of its neighbours. To try to get some answers, scientists at the University of Cambridge’s Centre for Climate Repair are carrying out experiments in tanks and are planning outdoor trials in a local waterway.
单词解析:nutrient:n.营养素;营养物adj.滋养的
例句:The nutrient is quickly leached away.
养分很快就被滤掉了。
【7】Another prominent idea involves drilling boreholes through vertical kilometres of ice to siphon off water from the ice sheets’ base. The concept is straightforward: when a huge mass of ice sits on a bed of rock, the combined pressures and temperatures liquefy a thin layer of water at the interface of the rock and ice that helps the ice slide away. Removing this lubrication should help keep the ice in place.
单词解析:vertical:adj.垂直的;纵向的;竖的;直立的n.垂直线;垂直位置
例句:The wall is several degrees off the vertical.
这堵墙倾斜了有好几度。
【8】For a long time such ideas—and others, including holding outlet glaciers in place with physical barriers, as well as thickening vulnerable sea ice by pumping seawater on top of it and freezing it in place—were seen mainly as science fiction. But they are gaining momentum. Dr Mankoff’s workshop was one of three held between October and December to discuss polar geoengineering; a fourth was held earlier this year. More are planned, and several research papers are in the works.
单词解析:fiction:n. 小说;虚构的事;假想之物记忆fict 做,制作 + -ion 某种物,用品
例句:It’s important to distinguish fact from fiction.
区别真实和虚构是重要的。
【9】Yet opposition is growing. Martin Siegert, a climate scientist at Imperial College London, calls the whole discussion “absolutely insane”. “It came up years ago and many of us just ignored it. We thought ‘It’s not going to happen, so just don’t spend any time thinking about it.’” He and others have been taken aback by how much attention the proposals have attracted since the beginning of the year, and feel the time has come to challenge them.
单词解析:Imperial College London:伦敦帝国理工学院
例句:In the top10, other than Cambridge and Oxford, the only non-US university is Imperial College London, in ninth.
除了剑桥和牛津,十强中唯一非美国的是位居第九的伦敦大学帝国理工学院。
长难句分析:
1)原文:He and others have been taken aback by how much attention the proposals have attracted since the beginning of the year, and feel the time has come to challenge them.
2)解析:
He and others have been taken [aback] [by {how much attention the proposals have attracted [since the beginning (of the year)](状语)}], and feel | the time has come to challenge them.(不定式)
2)句子语法结构详解:
* taken 为谓语,采用现在完成时和被动语态。
* how 为连接副词,引导宾语从句。
* attracted 为谓语,采用现在完成时。
* feel 为谓语。
* 第4个 the 开头为宾语从句,引导词 that 被省略。
* come 为谓语,采用现在完成时。
* to challenge 为不定式,作状语。
* he 为人称代词主格。them 为人称代词宾格。other 为不定代词。have, been, has 为助动词。the 为定冠词。
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